THEMES
1. The Individual
The theme ‘The Individual’ enables the learner to explore aspects of his or her own life, for example, sense of self, personal values, opinions, ideas and relationships with others. At the same time, this theme also enables the learner to study topics from the perspective of others.
TOPICS |
Personal World |
Education |
Daily Life |
Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- personal identity (name, age, address, telephone number, date and place of birth, age, sex, marital status, nationality, origin, family character)
- relationships (family, friends, occupations of parents)
- house and home (type of accommodation, rooms, furniture, own room, services, amenities, region, common plants and animals)
- personal health and welfare
- personal opinions.
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- school
- personal aspirations/future career
- courses/subjects
- examinations.
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- life at home
- daily routine
- hobbies and interests/sport
- shopping and money facilities, foodstuffs, clothes and fashion, household articles, medicine, prices, weights and measures
- food and drink
- travel to and from places
- holidays
- invitations and appointments
- services (postal, telephone, bank, police, hospital, garage, repairs, petrol station)
- weather
- emails, SMS.
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2. Italian-Speaking Communities
The theme ‘Italian-speaking Communities’ explores topics from the perspective of Italian-speaking communities and encourages the learner to reflect on his or her own and other cultures.
TOPICS |
Past and Present |
People and Places |
Arts and Entertainment |
Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- social customs/traditions and their historical origin
- important historical events and their commemoration (e.g. by national holidays or festivals, monuments, naming of features such as buildings or roads)
- historical links with Australia
- some important personalities in Italian contemporary society and/or history
- changes in social structures and attitudes (e.g. the family, women’s issues, religion).
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- city and country life
- Italian influences on Australian culture and society (e.g. food and drink, fashions)
- shopping
- getting around (transport and directions)
- significant geographical and climatic features of Italian.
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- media
- cinema
- music and songs
- literature
- sport
- theatre and performing arts
- computer games
- art
- architecture.
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3. The Changing World
The theme ‘The Changing World’ enables the learner to explore change as it affects aspects of the world such as work, technology, trade and tourism and social issues.
TOPICS |
Social Issues
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Travel and Tourism |
The World of Work |
Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- immigration/migration
- relationships with neighbouring/regional nations
- health
- the young and the elderly
- the environment.
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- tourist attractions in Italy
- visiting Italy
- entering and leaving Italy, travel document (passport, visa, tickets)
- hotels, hostels, camping grounds
- hosting Italian visitors
- home stay.
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Sub-topics studied may include, but are not limited to:
- the effect of technological developments
- types of jobs, professions, trades
- men and women in the workforce
- Australia and Italy as trading partners
- attitudes to work.
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USE OF ENGLISH
While it is expected that learners will study a range of oral and written texts in Italian, it may be appropriate in some circumstances to select texts using English. Equally, it may be appropriate for a learner to respond to a text in English on some occasions.
Note: at its meeting on 3 April 2013, TASC decided that from 2014 the examination specifications for all Level 3 language courses would include use of the target language in responses in the reading section of the written examination.
TEXT TYPES
The learner will be expected to be familiar with a variety of text types. Text types indicated with an asterisk (*) are those that the learner may be expected to produce in the external examination of this TASC Level 3 course. Teachers may introduce the learner to a wider range of text types in the course of their teaching and learning program:
advertisement |
invitation |
presentation |
announcement |
letter* |
profile* |
article |
list |
poem |
brochure |
map |
recipe |
chart |
menu |
report |
conversation/interview* |
narrative* |
review |
diary/journal entry* |
news item |
song |
discussion |
note/message |
speech/talk |
editorial |
novel/short story |
survey |
email* |
on-line texts |
table |
film |
play |
timetable |
form (fill in) |
postcard |
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VOCABULARY
While there is no nationally prescribed vocabulary list, it is expected that learners will be familiar with a range of vocabulary and idioms relevant to the themes described in the course.
DICTIONARIES
Teachers will assist learners to develop the necessary skills and confidence to use dictionaries effectively. For details regarding the use of dictionaries in the external assessment of this course, see 'What can I take to my exam?'.
GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
Grammar can be referred to as the organisation of, and relationship between, all the elements that constitute a language as it functions.
There are many different theories of grammar, and a number of different approaches towards its teaching and learning. The categories used below are not intended to promote any particular theory of grammar, or to favour one methodology over another.
In this Level 3 course it is assumed that the learner will already have acquired a significant understanding of the function of grammar in Italian through prior knowledge or study of Italian.
Developing the learner’s ability to convey meaning effectively in a range of contexts will, however, necessarily involve extending awareness of the system of structures underlying the language, as well as the ability both to apply and adapt this knowledge.
The following grammatical structures are those that the learner is expected to recognise and use.
Grammatical Item |
Sub-elements |
Example(s) |
Adjectives |
Regular formation
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Agreement with nouns |
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Position of adjectives |
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Interrogative adjectives |
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Adjectives that commonly precede nouns |
primo, ultimo, buono, bello, giovane, vecchio, altro, stesso, molto, poco, grande, piccolo |
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Demonstrative adjectives |
questo, quello |
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Possessive adjectives - form and uses, including their use before terms indicating family relationships |
il mio libro, i miei amici, i suoi, etc...
mio padre, il mio caro padre |
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Common irregular adjectives |
bello, buono
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Comparative and superlative forms, regular, and irregular types |
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Indefinite adjectives |
ogni, qualche, qualsiasi/qualunque, ciascuno, nessuno, altro, molto, alcuno |
Adverbs |
Formation of adverbs (incidental use only) |
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Formation of adverbs |
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Position of adverbs |
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Comparative and superlative forms, regular, and irregular types |
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Use of adverbs molto, poco, troppo, bene, male |
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Use of adverbs meglio, peggio, bene, benissimo |
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Adverbial phrases |
all’improvviso, poco fa, nel frattempo, d’ora in poi, in ritardo, fra poco, qui vicino
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Articles |
Definite, indefinite articles, use of all forms |
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Definite, indefinite articles, use of their omissions |
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Omission or inclusion of definite articles with titles |
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Partitive articles (some, any) |
di +definite article |
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Inclusion of definite articles before nouns used in a general or abstract sense
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Grammatical Item |
Sub-elements |
Example(s) |
Common uses of si, ci, vi, ne |
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Reflexive pronouns |
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Impersonal pronouns |
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Passive pronouns |
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Reflexive pronouns |
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Impersonal pronouns |
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Passive pronouns |
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Pronoun |
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Adverb |
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Conjunctions |
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ma, e |
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Common conjunctions |
e, ed, anche, ma, però, infatti,
quindi, magari, cioè, purtroppo |
False Friends |
Words that are apparently similar but actually have different meanings |
parenti, sensibile, fattoria, libreria |
Negation |
Use of ‘non’
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non-mai |
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Double negative |
non-mai, né….né
non affatto |
Grammatical Item |
Sub-elements |
Example(s) |
Nouns |
Regular forms, gender and number |
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Common irregular forms (singular and plural) |
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Compound nouns |
l’altoparlante, il portafoglio |
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Invariable forms in the plural |
la città, le città, il film, i film |
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Use of suffixes
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ino, etto, one, accio |
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Use of prefixes |
dis, in, s |
Numerals |
Cardinal, dates
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Mathematical signs |
più, meno, diviso, per, fa, uguale |
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Ordinal |
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Fractions |
un quarto, metà |
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Time |
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Common measurements |
è alta un metro e ottanta |
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Decimals |
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Collective numbers |
paio, coppia, decina, dozzina, centinaio, migliaio |
Prepositions |
Simple prepositions (preposizioni semplici) |
a, di (d’), da, in, con, su, per, tra (fra) |
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Prepositions + definite article (preposizioni articulate) |
dallo, all’, nel, sugli, etc... |
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Adverbial prepositions (preposizioni avverbiali) |
sopra, sotto, dentro, fuori, davanti a, dietro (a),
vicino a, lontano da, di fronte a |
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Common prepositional phrases |
parto per Milano, parto da Milano |
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Special usage of da |
Vengo da te |
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Contrast between: |
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- Da + tempo + present tense
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Da quanto tempo studi l’italiano? (How long have you been studying Italian)
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- Per + tempo + passato prossimo
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Per quanto tempo hai studiato l’italiano? (How long did you study Italian) |
Grammatical Item |
Sub-elements |
Example(s) |
Pronouns |
Personal Pronouns – subject |
io, tu, Lei, etc |
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Interrogative |
chi? che (cosa)? quale?
quanto? dove? |
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Possessive pronouns |
la mia, il mio, i suoi, etc... |
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Disjunctive pronouns |
a me, per te, con lui, etc... |
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Direct object pronouns |
lo, la, li, le |
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Indirect object pronouns |
gli, le, mi, ti, ci, vi, gli, loro |
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Reflexive pronouns |
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Direct Object pronouns and apostrophe |
l’ho visto |
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*Direct Object pronouns and past participle (preceding direct object pronouns and agreement of past participle) |
l’ho comprato/li ho comprati |
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*Combined pronouns (direct and indirect) |
te lo spedisco |
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*Relative pronouns (including word order) |
che, cui, chi
*il quale, la quale, i quali, le quali, ciò, quello che
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Demonstrative pronouns |
questo, quello, etc... |
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Indefinite pronouns |
uno, qualcuno, ciascuno, nessuno |
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*Joined object pronouns |
Dammelo! |
Sentence and Phrase Types |
Italian word order is more flexible than that of English; this may be related to the presence of gender and number markers. However, attention should be given to word order in:
– Statements
– Questions
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Grammatical Item |
Sub-elements |
Example(s) |
Verbs |
Conjugation of verbs |
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Regular forms |
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Frequently occurring irregular forms |
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Reflexive verbs, incidental use only |
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Moods: Indicative present |
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Present Conditional, incidental use only |
vorrei |
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Idiomatic use of ‘avere’ and ‘fare’ |
avere fame, fare colazione
avere fame, avere freddo, fare colazione
*ho fatto riparare la macchina
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incidental use of present perfect (passato prossimo) |
Sono stato/a in Italia |
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incidental use of imperfect (imperfetto) |
faceva caldo |
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Reflexive verbs |
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Indicative |
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present perfect (passato prossimo) |
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imperfect (imperfetto) |
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*pluperfect (trapassato prossimo)
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future |
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Conditional – present |
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Auxiliaries – ‘essere’ and ‘avere’ |
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*special uses of ‘venire’ and ‘andare’ |
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*Past participles, used as adjectives |
la lingua scritta, le patatine fritte |
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Modal verbs (dovere, potere, volere), in required tenses |
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Piacere in the present, perfect, imperfect and future tenses of the indicative, and in the present conditional (third persons only) |
gli piace, le piacerà, mi piacerebbe, etc... |
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Sapere/conoscere |
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Moods: |
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Indicative: pluperfect |
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*Conditional: perfect |
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*Subjunctive: present |
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*Passive Voice |
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Modal verbs in required tenses |
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Imperative (tu, noi, voi) |
classroom instructions
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Moods: |
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*Indicative: future/perfect |
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*Conditional – perfect |
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Subjunctive – |
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present (common expressions only) |
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†imperfect, ‘if’ clause |
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Progressive construction-Present Gerund |
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Infinitive structure ‘prima di’ with infinitive |
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*Infinitive used as a noun |
il leggere* |
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*‘lasciare’ construction |
*lascia stare, lasciami stare |
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verbs + preposition + infinitive
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*Special uses of ‘essere’ and ‘avere’
dopo aver mangiato |
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*Impersonal verbs and expressions
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bisogna che, basta che |
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Imperative. Lei/Loro – incidental use |
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*recognition only